This activity requires a complete understanding of this article. It is suggested that you go over all the choices first, and then review the entire article before making the choices.
不对! 这个选择是错的。
The statement, 对学习要知道满足, 才能保持身心和谐 / Only if one knows to be content with one's learning, will one be able to maintain the harmony of body and mind is not true.
According to this article, one cannot be content with one's learning.
... 上联的“知足”语本《老子》的“知足不辱”,即指对物质享受、名利、地位,要知道满足,不能贪求。知足才不致受屈辱。这里既包含“明哲保身”的思想,也蕴含着抑制非分欲求、保持身心和谐的合理内核。... 对学问、对事业要不断进取,永不满足。
很好! 这是一个正确的选择.
对名利地位不能贪求就是知足 / Being not greedy for fame, fortune, and social standing is zhī zú, is correct. This can be concluded from the underlined portions of the following passages in the first paragraph:
... 上联的“知足”语本《老子》的“知足不辱”,即指对物质享受、名利、地位,要知道满足,不能贪求。...
很好! 这是一个正确的选择.
知不足是要人对学问有不断学习, 永不满足的心 / The idea of zhī bù zú is for one to pursue knowledge unceasingly, and never feel satisfied is correct. This can be concluded from the underlined portions of the following passages in the first paragraph:
... “知不足”语出《礼记·学记》:“学然后知不足,……知不足,然后能自反也。”大意是说,只有通过学习,然后才能了解自己的不足,知道了自己的不足之处,然后才能反过来努力学习。“知不足”表现了积极的进取精神、强烈的求知欲望和谦虚好学的态度。对学问、对事业要不断进取,永不满足。
不对! 这个选择是错的。
The statement, 有为就是要发挥消极出世的态度 / yǒu wéi is to hold the view that one should involve oneself as little as possible in worldly affairs, and act only passively, is not correct.
In fact, it is exactly the opposite. See the following passage from the first paragraph:
下联的“有为”是指有作为。语本《礼记·儒行》:“爱其死以有待也,养其身以有为也。”即是说,珍惜生命,是为了等待发挥作用的机会;保养身体,是希望有所作为。这是儒家积极用世的态度。 ...
消极 passive is the opposite of 积极 proactive and 出世 is the opposite of 用世. As explained in previous activities, 入世 and 用世 are interchangeable, meaning possessing the view that one should actively involve oneself in worldly affairs.
Their antonym is 出世, meaning 'having the view that one should be involved as little as possible in worldly affairs, and instead pursuing spiritual life. In general, schools of philosophy are leaning toward the view of 出世, to include Daoism and Buddhism, and those leaning toward the view of 入世, to include Confucianism and Legalism.
不对! 这个选择是错的。
The statement, 事业有成就, 光宗耀祖就是有为 / Having great achievement in one's career that brings honor to one's ancestor is yǒu wéi is not stated or hinted at in this article.
In fact, it is stated in this article that 有为 is to do something good and useful for society. If one's personal career achievement does not fit this criterion, it will not be considered 有为 no matter how successful one is.
很好! 这是一个正确的选择.
The statement, 积极做好事, 坚决不做坏事, 就是“有为有弗位”/ The meaning of yǒu wéi yǒu fú wéi is to actively do good things, but refrain from doing bad things, is correct. This is the rephrasing of the underlined portions of the following passages from the second paragraph:
... 下联提出了有为与弗为的界限:即对好事、善事,利国利民的事要积极做;对错事、恶事、损人利己的事,要坚持弗为。中国无产阶级革命家、教育家徐特立就“有为与弗为”给几位青年店员题写了一副赠联:“有关家国书常读,无益身心事莫为。”给人们修身养性指明了方向。