This statement applies.

This information is found in the following portion of the article:

Wannan rahoto da aka laƙabawa suna "The Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health" ya nazarci shaidar da ake da ita ta shan barasa, da illolinta ga lafiya da zamantakewar jama'a da kuma yadda kuƙumomi ke takalar wannan batu a ƙasashe, da yankuna da kuma duniya baki ɗaya (This report, known as "The Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health," analyzes excessive drinking, its effects on society, and the way authorities around the world are addressing the issue).

Note that wannan (this) is used to refer to an object that is fairly close to the speaker, that is within reach, or that be touched; it may also refer to an idea or statement that is about to be presented or has just been presented. Wannan is also used as a demonstrative pronoun to modify nouns, as in gaban wannan gidan (in front of this house).

• laƙabawa - nicknamed, titled, entitled
• taƙalar, takalar - provoke, address

Note that in illolinta (her adverse effect), illoli is the plural of illa, and the suffix nta is attached to illoli as the possessed noun.

• yadda - how

This statement does not apply.

This information is found in the following portion of the article:

Ƙasashen larabawa na Arewacin Afirka da kuma ƙasashen kudancin Asiya su ne suka fi gujewa shan barasa a duniya. (Arab countries in North Africa and Southeast Asian countries have the highest rate of people who avoid drinking alcohol).

• Larabawa - Arabs

Larabawa is an example of how wa is used at the end of a term to describe people's ethnicity or natives of a language, in plural. Another example is Hausawa (the Hausa people).

Na Arewacin Africa (in/of North Africa) indicates that the report only refers to one of the different regions of Arab people.

Gujewa literally refers to running away from something, but in this context, refers to avoiding.

This statement applies.

This information is found in the following portion of the article:

ƙasashe da dama basu da shirye-shiryen hana mutane shan barasa fiye da kima. (Many countries do not have established measures to stop excessive drinking).

• hana - restrict, prevent from doing something

Although shirye-shirye generally means plans or preparations, in this context it refers to steps or measures.

Da dama and da yawa (a lot, much) are used interchangeably.

This statement applies.

This information is found in the following portion of the article:

Nazarin bayanai daga shekara 2001 zuwa 2005 ya nuna cewa yawan masu shan barasa bai ƙaru ba a ƙasashen nahiya Amurka. (Studies show that the number of alcoholics did not increase in America ... from 2001 to 2005.)

• bayanai - explanations, data

Note that ba is used before and after the verb, as in bai ƙaru ba (has not increased), to negate the completive aspect pronoun. Example: basu ƙaru ba (they did not increase). Bai also refers to nazari (studies).

• nuna - show, indicate

Fi (exceed, more than) is sometimes spelled hi and pronounced with an h or f, depending on the Hausa region.

• nahiya - continent

This statement does not apply.

This information is found in the following portion of the article:

Rahoton ya gano cewa a shekara 2005, kusan rabin mazaje a faɗin duniya ba su sha barasa ba, yayin da kashi 67 cikin 100 na mata ba su sha barasa ba. (The report findings include that in 2005, almost half of men and 67 percent of women around the world did not drink alcohol).

Note that, although gano from ganewa means to understand, in this context it refers to the findings.

• cewa - that, saying
• yayin da - whereas, while