<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">

<html>
<head>

<title>Activity # 2 of 5 </title>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type"      content="text/html;  charset=utf-8" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Language"  content="en" />
<meta http-equiv="Cache-Control"     content="no-cache" />
<meta http-equiv="pragma"            content="no-cache" />
<meta http-equiv="Expires"           content="0" />
<meta name="Author"                  content="DLIFLC" />

<script language="JavaScript" type="text/JavaScript" src="iHTML.txt"></script>

  

<style type="text/css" id="id_css1">
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#id_body
  {
  background-color   : #F9F8F0;
  font-family        : Arial, Verdana;
  margin-top         : 10px;
  margin-left        : 5px;
  background-image   : url(../../images/bg.gif);
  }

p
  {
  margin-top         : 0.3cm;
  margin-bottom      : 0px;
  }
.css_workArea
  {
  background-color   : #F9F8F0;
  }
.bar
  {
  background-color   : #9da699;
  color              : #EFEFE7;
  }
.over_title
  {
  font-weight        : bold;
  color              : #FFFFFF;
  }
.bar_highlight
  {
  border-bottom      : 1px solid #000000;
  }
.btn
  {
  cursor             : pointer;
  }
.txt_bg
  {
  background-color   : #DCDDD0;
  }
.css_act, .css_WordBox2
  {
  background-color   : #F4F8EE;
  color              : #000000;
  }
.css_inst
  {
  background-color   : #ECF6EE;
  }
.drk_box
  {
  background-color   : #616B66;
  color              : #FFFFEE;
  }
.txt_bg2
  {
  background-color   : #fefefe;
  }
.top
  {
  background-color   : #9da699;
  }
.topFaded
  {
  background-color   : #ACCCAF;
  }
.inner
  {
  background-color   : #F9F8F0;
  }
.shading
  {
  background-color   : #9da699;
  }
.inst_on
  {
  font-size          : 90%;
  display            : inline;
  cursor             : pointer;
  }
.inst_off
  {
  font-size          : 90%;
  display            : none;
  cursor             : pointer;
  }
.css_note
  {
  margin-top        : 5px;
  padding           : 3px;
  }
.css_catTitle
  {
  color             : #666666;
  font-weight       : bold;
  }
.css_video_div
  {
  position          : absolute;
  z-index           : 1;
  width             : 390px;
  top               : 50px;
  display           : none;
  }
.css_video_table
  {
  border-collapse   : collapse;
  }
.css_video_table .css_tl
  {
  height           : 21px;
  width            : 4px;
  background-image : url(../../images/video_tl.gif);
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  border-bottom    : 1px solid #bebebe;
  }
.css_video_table .css_tc
  {
  height           : 21px;
  width            : 380px;
  padding:0px;
  margin:0px;	
  background-image : url(../../images/video_bar_gradient.gif);
  background-repeat: repeat-x;
  font-weight      : bold;
  color            : #FFFFFF;
  border-bottom    : 1px solid #bebebe;
  font-size        : 75%;
}
.css_video_table .css_tc .css_title
  {
  padding          : 3px 0px 3px 10px;
  float            : left;

  }
.css_video_table .css_tc .css_close
  {
  float            : right;
  background-image : url(../../images/video_tr.gif);
  background-repeat: repeat-x;
  }
.css_video_table .css_tr
  {
  height           : 20px;
  width            : 5px;
  background-image : url(../../images/video_tr.gif);
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  border-bottom    : 1px solid #bebebe;
  }
.css_video_table .css_cl
  {
  width            : 4px;
  background-image : url(../../images/video_border_pixel.gif);
  background-repeat: repeat-y;
  background-color : #FFFFFF;
  }
.css_video_table .css_cc
  {
  padding          : 5px 10px 5px 10px;
  width            : 375px;
  background-color : #FFFFFF;
  }
.css_video_table .css_cr
  {
  width            : 5px;
  background-image : url(../../images/video_border_pixel.gif);
  background-repeat: repeat-y;
  background-position: right;
  background-color : #FFFFFF;
  }
.css_video_table .css_bl
  {
  width            : 4px;
  background-image : url(../../images/video_bl.gif);
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  }
.css_video_table .css_bc
  {
  background-image : url(../../images/video_border_pixel.gif);
  background-repeat: repeat-x;
  background-position: bottom;
  background-color : #FFFFFF;
  }
.css_video_table .css_br
  {
  height           : 5px;
  width            : 5px;
  background-image : url(../../images/video_br.gif);
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  }
.cdEmpty
  {
  font-size       : 1pt;
  }


/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
</style>



<script language="JavaScript">



function loadVid( FN, B)  //added 09/20/2007
  {
  var wr = ''
  function ws()
    {
    for (var i=0, L=arguments.length; i<L; i++)
      wr += arguments[i]
    }

  function loadPlayer( A )
    {
    ws( '<embed ' )
    ws( ' src="', A, '"' )
    ws( ' width="270"'  )
    ws( ' height="232"'  )
    ws( ' quality="high"' )
    ws( ' bgcolor="#d4d4d4"' )
    ws( ' allowScriptAccess="sameDomain"' )
    ws( ' wmode="transparent"' )
    ws( ' type="application/x-shockwave-flash"' )
    ws( ' pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer">' )
    ws( '<\/embed>' )
    }

   loadPlayer( B ? 'videoTest.swf?theFile=' + FN + '&autoStart=true' : 'videoTest.swf?theFile=' + FN + '&autoStart=false')

  return wr
  }

DLI_main_init()

function DLI_main_init()
  {
  set_global_var( '$w_lib',     new w_class().get_source() )
  set_global_var( 'gv_ISwap',   true )
  set_global_var( 'gv_pop_win', null )
  }

function set_global_var( name, val )
  {
  eval( 'window[name] = val' )
  }

function IE()
  {
  var a = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase()
  return a.indexOf("msie") != -1
  }

// --------------------------------- Page Building Utilities Add-in ---------------------------------------
function xid( a )
  {
  return document.getElementById( a )
  }

function spf( s, t )
  {
  var n=0
  function F()
    {
    return t[n++]
    }
  return s.replace(/~/g, F)
  }

function print_class()
  {
  var w = null
  function xid(a)
    {
    return document.getElementById(a)
    }
  this.registerChild = function(the_win)
    {
    w = the_win
    }
  this.init = function()
    {
    var e = document.createElement('div')
    e.innerHTML = '<iframe src="PrShell.htm" style="position: absolute; right: 0px; top: -1000px; margin:0; padding:0; width:100%;"><\/iframe>'
    document.body.appendChild(e)
    }
  this.getPrintWindow = function()
    {
    return w
    }
  }//print_class

var w0
var w1
var w2
var w3

function popup_class()
  {
  var _this     = this
  var imageDir  = '../../images/'
  var theID     = 0
  var ie        = document.all && !window.opera
  var tjx       = []
  var PWX       = {}
  _this.resizable = true

  function xid(a)
    {
    return document.getElementById(a)
    }
  function spf(s, t)
    {
    var n=0
    function F()
      {
      return t[n++]
      }
    return s.replace(/~/g, F)
    }
  function px(A)
    {
    return A + 'px'
    }
  function IntI(a)
    {
    return parseInt(a)||0
    }
  this.registerChild = function(the_id, the_win)
    {
    var t = PWX[the_id]
    t.the_child_window = the_win
    t.onopen()
    return t
    }
  this.init = function(the_id,  af, afALT)      //revised 04/01/09 for popup2 audio play: video click N compare
    {
    var wr = ''
    function ws()
      {
      for (var i=0, n=arguments.length; i<n; i++)
        wr += arguments[i]
      }
    function wl()
      {
      ws.apply(this, arguments)
      ws(String.fromCharCode(13, 10))
      }
    if (!xid('id_popup_wrapper'))
      {
      var e = document.createElement('div')
      e.id = 'id_popup_wrapper'
      e.innerHTML = '<span style="display:none">&nbsp;<\/span>'
      document.body.appendChild(e)
      }
    var e = document.createElement('div')
    e.id = the_id


    ws('<div class="css_d-h_div" style="padding: 2px; text-indent: 3px; font: 90% Arial; color: white; background-color: #a6a6a6; cursor: move; width: auto; overflow : hidden;">')
    ws('<span><\/span>')
    ws('<div class="css_d-controls" style="position: absolute; right: 4px; top: 2px; cursor: pointer;">')
    ws('<img src="', imageDir, 'printer.gif"  title="Printer" alt="Printer"\/>&nbsp;')
    ws('<img src="', imageDir, 'minimize.gif" title="Minim" alt="Minim"\/>&nbsp;')
    ws('<img src="', imageDir, 'close.gif"    title="Close" alt="Close"\/>')
    ws('<\/div><\/div>')
    ws('<div class="css_d-content_div" style="background-color: #F9F8F0; padding: 4px; text-indent: 0px; font: 90% Arial; overflow: auto;"><\/div>')
    if(af)
      {
      ws('<div id="vir_id_mediaPlayerHolder" style="height:29px; width:100%; background-color: #F9F8F0; display:none;"><\/div>')
      ws('<div id="vir_id_videoPlayerHolder" style="height:232px; width:270px; border-right: solid black 1px; background-color: #F9F8F0; display:none;"><\/div>')
      }
    if(afALT)
      ws('<div id="vir_id_mediaPlayerHolder1" style="height:29px; width:100%; background-color: #F9F8F0; display:none;"><\/div>')
    ws('<div id="stat" class="css_d-status_div" style="border-top: solid gray 1px; background-color: #F8F8F8; height: 13px;"><div class="css_d-resizer" style="float: right; width : 13px; height: 13px; cursor: nw-resize; font-size: 0; background: transparent url(', imageDir, 'resize.gif) top right no-repeat;"><\/div>')
    wl('<\/div>')
    e.innerHTML = wr
    xid('id_popup_wrapper').appendChild(e)
    this.z = this.z ? this.z++ : 100
    var t = xid(the_id)
    t.style.cssText = 'position: absolute; border-left: 2px solid #ffffff; border-top: 2px solid #ffffff; border-right: 1px solid #000000; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; visibility: hidden; background-color: white;'
    var d = t.getElementsByTagName('div')
    for (var i=0; i<d.length; i++)
      if (/css_d-/.test(d[i].className))
        t[d[i].className.replace(/css_d-/, '')] = d[i]
    t.style.zIndex = this.z
    t.h_div._parent = t
    t.controls._parent = t
    t.resizer._parent = t
    t.onopen = function()
      {
      return true
      }
    t.onclose = function()
      {
      return true
      }
    t.onmousedown = function()
      {
      _this.z++
      this.style.zIndex = _this.z
      }
    t.minimize = function()                                          // the whole minimization business // MG
      {
      var divs = []
      for(var ii=0; ii<this.childNodes.length; ii++)
        {
        if(this.childNodes[ii].nodeType == 1)
          divs.push(ii)
        }
      for(var kk=0, ll=divs.length; kk<ll; kk++)                     // the battle to keep the invisible status bars as they are // MG
        {
        if( (this.childNodes[kk].nodeName == 'DIV')&&(this.childNodes[kk].style.display == "block") )
          this.childNodes[kk].style.display = "none"
        else if( ( t.resizable != false ) && (this.childNodes[kk].nodeName == 'DIV') && (this.childNodes[kk].style.display == "none") )
          this.childNodes[kk].style.display = "block"
        else if( ( t.resizable == false ) && (this.childNodes[kk].nodeName == 'DIV') && (this.childNodes[kk].style.display == "none") )
          {
          if(kk < ll-1)
            this.childNodes[kk].style.display = "block"
          }
        }
      }
    t.lock = function( L )                                           // to lock the window so it can't be dragged //MG
      {
      var yn = L.src.indexOf('unlocked') > -1 ? L.src.replace(/un(locked)(.*)(\.gif)$/,"$1$2$3") : L.src.replace(/(locked)(.*)(\.gif)$/,"un$1$2$3")
      L.src = yn
      if( yn.indexOf('unlocked') == -1 )
        this.h_div.onmousedown = function()
          {
          return true
          }
      else
        this.h_div.onmousedown = t.resizer.onmousedown
      }
    t.printout = function()
      {
      var wp = print_manager.getPrintWindow()
      var txt = this.getElementsByTagName("DIV")[2].innerHTML        //alternatively, we could name the DIV but I was lazy // MG
      wp.xid('id_out').innerHTML = txt
      wp.focus()                                                     // if not given focus, it'll print the top win // MG
      wp.print()
      }
    t.h_div.onmousedown = t.resizer.onmousedown = function(e)
      {
      dragging = true
      var d = _this
      var t = this._parent
      t.style.filter = 'alpha(opacity=50)'
      t.style.opacity = 0.5
      d.etarget = this
      var e = window.event || e
      d.initmousex = e.clientX
      d.initmousey = e.clientY
      d.initx = IntI(t.offsetLeft)
      d.inity = IntI(t.offsetTop)
      d.width = IntI(t.offsetWidth)
      d.contentheight = IntI(t.content_div.offsetHeight)
      document.onmousemove = function(e)
        {
        var d = _this
        var etarget = d.etarget
        var e = window.event || e
        d.d_x = e.clientX-d.initmousex
        d.d_y = e.clientY-d.initmousey
        if ( (etarget.className=='css_d-h_div') && dragging )
          d.move(etarget._parent)
        else if (etarget.className=='css_d-resizer')
          d.resize(etarget._parent, e)
        return false
        }
      document.onmouseup = function ceeze()        // named the function to call it from elsewhere //MG
        {
        dragging = false                           // added a variable to make DIVs draggable or docked //MG
        _this.etarget = null
        document.onmousemove = document.onmouseup = null
        document.onmouseover = document.onmouseout = null
        t.style.filter = 'alpha(opacity=100)'
        t.style.opacity = 1.0
        }
      t.onmouseout = function()                    // This entire function to
        {
        var e = window.event || e                  //
        if( e.clientX < 40 || e.clientY < 20 )     // when approaching left & top egdes of the window
          ceeze()                                  // do the same as mouseup
        }                                          //
      return false                                 //
      }                                            //   MG & BL
    t.controls.onclick = function(e)
      {
      var d = _this
      var sourceobj = window.event ? window.event.srcElement : e.target
      if (/Close/i.test(sourceobj.getAttribute('title')))
        d.close(this._parent)
      else if (/Minim/i.test(sourceobj.getAttribute('title')))
        this._parent.minimize()
      else if (/Lock/i.test(sourceobj.getAttribute('title')))
        this._parent.lock( sourceobj )
      else if (/Printer/i.test(sourceobj.getAttribute('title')))
        this._parent.printout()
      return false
      }
    t.controls.onmouseover = function(e)
      {
      var d = _this
      var sourceobj = window.event ? window.event.srcElement : e.target
      if (/Close|Minim|Lock|Printer/i.test(sourceobj.getAttribute('title')))
        sourceobj.src = sourceobj.src.toString().replace(/(\.gif)/,"_on$1")
      return false
      }
    t.controls.onmouseout = function(e)
      {
      var d = _this
      var sourceobj = window.event ? window.event.srcElement : e.target
      if (/Close|Minim|Lock|Printer/i.test(sourceobj.getAttribute('title')))
        sourceobj.src = sourceobj.src.toString().replace(/_on(\.gif)/,"$1")
      return false
      }
    t.moveTo = function(x, y)
      {
      _this.moveTo(this, x, y)
      }
    t.show = function()
      {
      _this.show(this)
      }
    t.hide = function()
      {
      _this.close(this)
      }
    t.setHTML = function(HTML)
      {
      _this.setHTML(this, HTML)
      }
    t.setSize = function(w, h)
      {
      _this.setSize(this, w, h)
      }
    t.setResize = function(b)
      {
      _this.setResize(this, b)
      }
    t.setTitle = function(t, RTL)
      {
      _this.setTitle(this, t, RTL)
      }
    tjx.push(t)
    return t
    }
  this.move = function(t)
    {
    t.style.left = px(Math.max(10, this.d_x+this.initx))
    t.style.top  = px(Math.max(10, this.d_y+this.inity))
    }
  this.open = function(S)
    {
    var t = this.init(theID, S.aud, S.audALT)       //revised 04/01/09 for popup2 audio play: video click N compare
    t.setSize(S.width, S.height)
    t.moveTo(S.x, S.y)
    t.setResize(S.resize != false ? true : false)
    t.style.visibility = 'visible'
    t.style.display = 'block'
    t.content_div.style.display = 'block'
    t.content_div.style.overflow = 'auto'
    var v = '&nbsp;'
    t.content_div.innerHTML = v
    var u = '_id_pop_win_' + t.id
    PWX[u] = t
    if (ie)
      {
      var a = xid('id_popup_wrapper').getElementsByTagName('*')
      for (var i=0, L=a.length; i<L; i++)
        a[i].unselectable = 'on'
      }
    theID++
    return t
    }
  this.setHTML = function(t, HTML)
    {
    t.content_div.innerHTML = HTML
    }
  this.setSize = function(t, w, h)
    {
    t.style.width              = px(Math.max(IntI(w), 150))
    t.content_div.style.height = px(Math.max(IntI(h), 100))
    }
  this.moveTo = function(t, x, y)
    {
    this.update_pos()
    t.style.left = px(this.scroll_left + IntI(x))
    t.style.top  = px(this.scroll_top  + IntI(y))
    }
  this.setResize = function(t, b)
    {
    if(!b)
      t.resizable = false
    t.status_div.style.display = b ? 'block' : 'none'
    }
  this.setTitle = function(t, title, RTL)
    {
    t.h_div.firstChild.innerHTML = title
    if (RTL)
      {
      var s = t.h_div.style
      //t.h_div.dir = 'rtl' --- turned off because screws up buttons in the title bar //MG
      s.paddingLeft = '5px'
      s.textAlign = 'left'
      }
    }
  this.update_pos = function()
    { 
    var domclientWidth = document.documentElement && IntI(document.documentElement.clientWidth) || 99999
    this.standardbody  = document.compatMode=='CSS1Compat' ? document.documentElement : document.body
    this.scroll_top  = ie ? this.standardbody.scrollTop    : window.pageYOffset
    this.scroll_left = ie ? this.standardbody.scrollLeft   : window.pageXOffset
    this.docwidth    = ie ? this.standardbody.clientWidth  : /Safari/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ? window.innerWidth : Math.min(domclientWidth, window.innerWidth-16)
    this.docheight   = ie ? this.standardbody.clientHeight : window.innerHeight
    }
  this.resize = function(t, e)
    {
    t.style.width = px(Math.max(this.width+this.d_x, 150))
    t.content_div.style.height = px(Math.max(this.contentheight+this.d_y, 100))
    }
  this.close = function(t)
    {
    try
      {
      if(t==w2)
        {
        var myCheck = confirm ("Are you sure to close the popup window?")
        if(myCheck)
          var b = t.onclose()
        }
      else
        var b = t.onclose()
      }
    catch(e)
      {
      //alert(e)
      var b = true
      }
    if (b)
      {
      this.update_pos()
      t.lastx = IntI((t.style.left || t.offsetLeft))-this.scroll_left
      t.lasty = IntI((t.style.top || t.offsetTop))-this.scroll_top
      t.lastwidth = t.style.width
      t.style.display = 'none'
      }
    return b
    }
  this.show = function(t)
    {
    if (t.lastx)
      {
      this.update_pos()
      t.state = ''
      t.content_div.style.display = 'block'
      t.status_div.style.display = 'block'
      var s = t.style
      s.display = 'block'
      s.left = px(IntI(t.lastx)+_this.scroll_left)
      s.top =  px(IntI(t.lasty)+_this.scroll_top)
      s.width = px(IntI(t.lastwidth))
      }
    else
      t.style.display = 'block'
    t.state = ''
    }
  this.allDone = function()
    {
    var A = tjx
    for (var i=0; i<A.length; i++)
      A[i].h_div._parent = A[i].resizer._parent = A[i].controls._parent = null
    }
  }//popup_class

function InSwap( ch )
  {
  xid( 'vir_id_XL_inst0' ).className = xid( 'vir_id_XL_inst0' ).className == 'inst_off' ? 'inst_on' : 'inst_off'
  xid( 'vir_id_FL_inst0' ).className = xid( 'vir_id_FL_inst0' ).className == 'inst_on' ? 'inst_off' : 'inst_on'
  }

function w_class()
  {
  var wr = ''
  function ws()
    {
    for (var i=0, n=arguments.length; i<n; i++)
      wr += arguments[i]
    }
  function wl()
    {
    for (var i=0, n=arguments.length; i<n; i++)
      wr += arguments[i]
    wr += String.fromCharCode(32, 13, 10)
    }
  function init()
    {
    wl( "var wr = ''"     )
    wl( ws.toString()     )
    wl( wl.toString()     )
    }
  this.get_source = function()
    {
    return wr
    }
  init()
  }//w_class

// -------------------------------- Window and Dialog Box Utilities - start -------------------------------
function w_open( url, ww, hh )
  {
  hh = hh || 300
  ww = ww || 500
  if (window.showModelessDialog)
    {
    var p = spf( 'dialogWidth:~px; dialogHeight:~px; help:0; resizable:1; status:0', [ww, hh] )
    var w = showModelessDialog( url, '', p )
    }
  else
    {
    var p = spf( 'toolbar=0, scrollbars=1, menubar=0, resizable=1, status=0, location=0, directories=0, width=~px, height=~px', [ww, hh] )
    var w = open( url, '_blank', p )
    }
  if (!url)
    {
    eval( $w_lib )
    wl( '<html>' )
    wl( '<head>' )
    wl( '<meta http-equiv="Content-Type"  content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />' )
    wl( '<style type="text/css">' )
    wl( 'body' )
    wl( '  {' )
    wl( '  background-color: Cornsilk' )
    wl( '  }' )
    wl( '<\/style>' )
    wl( '<title>LOG-POPUP window<\/title>' )
    wl( '<\/head>' )
    wl( '<body>' )
    wl( '<\/body>' )
    wl( '<\/html>' )
    var d = w.document.open( 'text/html' )
    d.writeln( wr )
    d.close()
    }
  return w
  }//w_open
// --------------------------------------- Pop-Up Window Add-In -------------------------------------------
function PopUp(fb, usg, audio, dh, dw, B, L)       //revised 10/19/2007 : added 'B'   added L: 02/26/2009 for adjusting main text length of Click_N_Compare template
  {
  function AA()
    {
    var myTitle = usg ? usg : 'Feedback'
    w0.setTitle( myTitle )
    var fbs = fb.toString().replace(/(<div\s+.*\s*id\s*=\s*["']*)(\w*_*\w*)(["']*)/ig, "$1vir_$2$3" )
    w0.setHTML( fbs )
    if(audio)
      {
      xid('vir_id_mediaPlayerHolder').style.display = 'block'
      xid('vir_id_mediaPlayerHolder').style.zIndex = 102
      IHTML(xid('vir_id_mediaPlayerHolder'), loadAud("media/" + audio, B))     //added 'B'
      }
    }
  if( w0 )
    {
    while (w0.firstChild)
      w0.removeChild(w0.firstChild)
    pop_manager.close(w0)
    }
  var af = (audio != undefined) ? true : false

  if(L == 'Longest')
     w0 = pop_manager.open({x: 60, y: 120, width: 500, height: 480, aud: af})
  else if(L == 'Longer')
     w0 = pop_manager.open({x: 60, y: 120, width: 500, height: 380, aud: af})
  else
     w0 = pop_manager.open({x: 60, y: 120, width: 500, height: 280, aud: af})
  AA()
  }//PopUp

function PopUp2(fb, usg, audio, dh, dw)       //revised 10/19/2007
  {
  function AA()
    {
    var myTitle = usg ? usg : 'Feedback'
    w1.setTitle( myTitle )
    var fbs = fb.toString().replace(/(<div\s+.*\s*id\s*=\s*["']*)(\w*_*\w*)(["']*)/ig, "$1vir_$2$3" )
    w1.setHTML( fbs )
    if(audio)
      {
      xid('vir_id_mediaPlayerHolder1').style.display = 'block'                              //revised 04/01/09 for popup2 audio play: video click N compare
      xid('vir_id_mediaPlayerHolder1').style.zIndex = 102                                   //revised 04/01/09 for popup2 audio play: video click N compare
      IHTML(xid('vir_id_mediaPlayerHolder1'), loadAud("media/" + audio + ""))               //revised 04/01/09 for popup2 audio play: video click N compare
      }
    }
  if( w1 )
    {
    while (w1.firstChild)
      w1.removeChild(w1.firstChild)
    pop_manager.close(w1)
    }
  var af = false                                                                           //revised 04/01/09 for popup2 audio play: video click N compare
  var afALT = (audio != undefined) ? true : false                                          //revised 04/01/09 for popup2 audio play: video click N compare
  w1 = pop_manager.open({x: 120, y: 240, width: 500, height: 280, aud: af, audALT: afALT}) //revised 04/01/09 for popup2 audio play: video click N compare
  AA()
  }//PopUp2

function PopUp3(fb, usg, audio, dh, dw)       //revised 10/19/2007
  {
  function AA()
    {
    var myTitle = usg ? usg : 'Feedback'
    w2.setTitle( myTitle )
    var fbs = fb.toString().replace(/(<div\s+.*\s*id\s*=\s*["']*)(\w*_*\w*)(["']*)/ig, "$1vir_$2$3" )

    w2.setHTML( fbs )
    if(audio)
      {
      xid('vir_id_mediaPlayerHolder').style.display = 'block'
      xid('vir_id_mediaPlayerHolder').style.zIndex = 102
      IHTML(xid('vir_id_mediaPlayerHolder'), loadAud("media/" + audio + ""))
      }
    }
  if( w2 )
    {
    while (w2.firstChild)
      w2.removeChild(w2.firstChild)
    pop_manager.close(w2)
    }
  var af = (audio != undefined) ? true : false
  w2 = pop_manager.open({x: 60, y: 120, width: 500, height: 280, aud: af})
  AA()
  }//PopUp3

function PopUp4(fb, usg, audio, dh, dw)       //Added 02/18/2010  for video popups of E_CO_Lesson_Source
  {
  function AA()
    {
    var myTitle = usg ? usg : 'Feedback'
    w3.setTitle( myTitle )
    var fbs = fb.toString().replace(/(<div\s+.*\s*id\s*=\s*["']*)(\w*_*\w*)(["']*)/ig, "$1vir_$2$3" )

    w3.setHTML( fbs )
    if(audio)
      {
      xid('vir_id_videoPlayerHolder').style.display = 'block'
      xid('vir_id_videoPlayerHolder').style.zIndex = 102
      xid('vir_id_videoPlayerHolder').innerHTML = HTML_vid_player_1(audio)
      }
    }
  if( w3 )
    {
    while (w3.firstChild)
      w3.removeChild(w3.firstChild)
    pop_manager.close(w3)
    }    

  var af = (audio != undefined) ? true : false
  w3 = pop_manager.open({x: 60, y: 120, width: 270, height: 0, aud: af}, true)    //added true 02/18/2010  for video size
  AA()

  }//PopUp4

// ------------------------------- Window and Dialog Box Utilities - end ----------------------------------

var gv_max = gv_pg = 0

function getProgressBar()
  {
  if( xid("id_progressBar") )
    {
    var myPage = gv_pg + 1
    var myProgInt = xid("id_progressBar")
    var myProgBtm = xid("id_progressBtm")
    gv_max = gv_max > 1 ? gv_max : 1
    if (window.DSW)
      if (gv_max > 1)
        {
        var myCnt = itemType ? '<img src="../../images/bn' + itemType + '.gif" width="55" height="24">' : ''
        myCnt += '<img id="id_bck" src="../../images/inBack.gif" onclick="back()" width="20" height="24" border="0" title="Back" alt="Back">'
        myCnt += '<img id="id_myPlace" src="../../images/in' + myPage + '.gif" width="17" height="24"><img src="../../images/inOf.gif" width="14" height="24"><img id="id_myMax" src="../../images/in' + gv_max + '.gif" width="17" height="24">'
        myCnt += '<img id="id_next" src="../../images/inNext.gif" onclick="next()" width="20" height="24" border="0" title="Next" alt="Next">'
        }
      else
        var myCnt = ''
    else
      {
      var myCnt = itemType ? '<img src="../../images/bn' + itemType + '.gif" width="55" height="24">' : ''
      myCnt += '<img id="id_bck" src="../../images/inBack.gif" onclick="back()" width="20" height="24" border="0" title="Back" alt="Back">'
      myCnt += '<img id="id_myPlace" src="../../images/in' + myPage + '.gif" width="17" height="24"><img src="../../images/inOf.gif" width="14" height="24"><img id="id_myMax" src="../../images/in' + gv_max + '.gif" width="17" height="24">'
      myCnt += '<img id="id_next" src="../../images/inNext.gif" onclick="next()" width="20" height="24" border="0" title="Next" alt="Next">'
      }
    myProgInt.innerHTML = myCnt
    }
  }

function initPg()
  {
  if( xid("id_progressBar") )
    {
    x = xid('id_bck')
    y = xid('id_next')
    z = xid('id_Q0')
    if (z)
      {
      z.style.display = "inline"
      }
    }
  }

function countQ()
  {
  var x = 0
  var iBnk = xid('id_itemBnk')
  if(iBnk)
    {
    var t = iBnk.getElementsByTagName('table')
    for (var i=0; i<t.length; i++)
      if(t[i].className == 'cls_Q')
        x++
    gv_max = x
    }
  getProgressBar()
  initPg()
  }

function next()
  {
  if(gv_pg == gv_max-1 || gv_max == 0)
    {
    window.location ="hua_soc308_act3.html"
    }
  else
    {
    var ex = xid( 'id_Q' + gv_pg )
    if (ex)
      {
      xid( 'id_Q' + gv_pg ).style.display = "none"
      gv_pg++
      xid( 'id_Q' + gv_pg ).style.display = "inline"
      if(IE())
        xid( 'id_wrkgArea' ).focus()
      getProgressBar()
      }
    }
  nextAddOn()
  }

function back()
  {
  if(gv_pg == 0)
    {
    window.location ="hua_soc308_act1.html"
    }
  else
    {
    xid( 'id_Q' + gv_pg ).style.display = "none"
    gv_pg--
    xid( 'id_Q' + gv_pg ).style.display = "inline"
    if(IE())
      xid( 'id_wrkgArea' ).focus()
    getProgressBar()
    if (gv_pop_win)
      gv_pop_win.close()
    }
  backAddOn()
  }

// --------------------------------------- Load Audio Add-in ----------------------------------------------

function loadAud( FN, B )
  {
  var wr = ''
  function ws()
    {
    for (var i=0, L=arguments.length; i<L; i++)
      wr += arguments[i]
    }

  function loadPlayer( A )
    {
    ws( '<embed ' )
    ws( ' src="', A, '"' )
    ws( ' width="187"' )     //187
    ws( ' height="29"' )     //29
    ws( ' quality="high"' )
    ws( ' bgcolor="#d4d4d4"' )
    ws( ' allowScriptAccess="sameDomain"' )
    ws( ' wmode="transparent"' )
    ws( ' type="application/x-shockwave-flash"' )
    ws( ' pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer">' )
    ws( '<\/embed>' )
    }
  if(B)
    loadPlayer( 'audioPlayerSmall.swf?testVar=' + encodeURIComponent(FN) + '&autoStart=true&streamAudio=false&playSegment=false&inPoint=0&outPoint=0' )
  else
    loadPlayer( 'audioPlayerSmall.swf?testVar=' + encodeURIComponent(FN) + '&autoStart=false&streamAudio=false&playSegment=false&inPoint=0&outPoint=0' )

  return wr
  }

// -------------------------------------- Button Class Add-in ---------------------------------------------
function foundation_gif_btn_class( the_id )
  {
  var _this = this
  var e = xid(the_id)
  if (e)
    {
    var a = e.src+''
    var b = a.substr(0, a.length-4) + '_on.gif'
    if (document.images)
      new Image().src = b
    e.onclick = function()
      {
      _this.do_click()
      }
    e.onmouseover = function()
      {
      this.src= b
      }
    e.onmouseout = function()
      {
      this.src= a
      }
    this.do_click = function()
      {
      }
    }  
  }

// -------------------------------------- Bookmark & Reload Add-in ------------------------------------------
function bookmark(title)
  {
  if(IE())
    {
    try
      {
      window.external.AddFavorite(location.href,title)
      }
    catch(e)
      {
      alert('This feature is not available in standalone mode.')
      return
      }
    }
  else
    alert('Netscape, Firefox, and Mozilla user need to press CTRL+D to bookmark this page.')
  }

function pageReload()
  {
  window.location.reload()
  }

// ------------------------------------- Tutorial Video Play Add-in ----------------------------------------------
//================== Tutorial Video Starts ====================
var videoArchive = {OP:'15_how_to_(dotheactivities).flv',
                    SCB:'30_categorizing_matched.flv',
                    SC:'18_categorizing_unmatched.flv',
                    CMF:'22_match_images.flv',
                    CNC:'26_click_and _compare.flv',
                    FNB:'24_fill-in-blanks.flv',
                    SUM:'31_summary.flv',
                    MC1:'20_multiple_choice.flv',
                    PVC:'17_prediction.flv',
                    SCN:'33_scanning.flv',
                    SCP:'29_sentence_order_02.flv',
                    SKM:'23_skimming.flv',
                    SMA:'32_summary_multiple_answer.flv',
                    TF1:'19_true_false.flv',
                    VMF:'21_match_sentences.flv',
                    SCW:'27_sentence_order_01.flv',
                    LBS:'34_lc_by_segment.flv',
                    LPT:'35_partial_transc_lc.flv',
                    IST:'36_pre_lc_info_type.flv',
                    LMC:'37_lc_mc_summary_ls_ma.flv',
                    BST:'38_pre_lc_brainstorm.flv',
                    PSG:'39_pre_lc_seg_gist.flv',
                    LMA:'40_lc_multiple_answer.flv',
                    YNF:'41_yes_no_free_response_lc.flv',
                    IST:'42_lc_info_type.flv',
                    LMC:'44_lc_multiple_choice.flv',
                    LTF:'45_lc_t_f.flv',
                    LGF:'46_lc_get_point.flv',
                    LMF:'22_match_images.flv',
                    VCC:'47_v_click_compare.flv',
                    VSM:'48_v_sum_multiple_ans.flv',
                    VCM:'49_v_clause_matching.flv',
                    VSO:'50_v_sentence_order.flv',
                    VBS:'51_v_by_segment.flv'
                    }

var winopen
var winfeatures = "status=0, toolbar=0, menubar=0, titlebar=0, scrollbars=0, resizible=0, width=285, height=270"
function launchVideoOverlay( aType )
  {
  var flvName = videoArchive[aType]

  if (flvName != undefined)
    {
    winopen= window.open("../../tutorial/vidTutor.html?name=" + flvName, "_blank", winfeatures)
    }
  else
    PopUp( 'No video tutorial on this activity is available for now.', 'Video Tutorial' )
  }


function closeVideoOverlay()
  {
  IHTML( xid('id_videoHolder'), loadVideo( '' ) )
  xid( 'id_tutorialVideo' ).style.display = 'none'
  }

//================== Tutorial Video Ends ======================


function show_copyright()
  {
  var copyRightSt = '<div style="height:100%;padding:5px;font-size:90%;">1. GLOSS lessons and materials are intended for personal and nonprofit educational use only, and any other use may violate U.S. and international copyright laws. Further reproduction by any means is unauthorized.<br /><br />2. GLOSS developers have received permission to use copyrighted materials on the condition that they are used exclusively for nonprofit educational purposes in lessons produced by U.S. government employees and government contractors only. These copyrighted materials include most of the authentic texts, photos, graphics, audio, and video that constitute the core content of the GLOSS lessons, which may not be copied, published or redistributed without the written permission of the individual copyright holders who are acknowledged on the information page of each lesson. Copyrighted text, photos, graphics, audio and/or video material shall not be published, broadcast, rewritten for broadcast or publication or redistributed directly or indirectly in any medium. Neither these materials nor any portion thereof may be stored in a computer except for personal and non-commercial use.</div>'
  PopUp( copyRightSt, 'Copyright Statement')
  }

window.onunload = function()
  {
  this.pop_manager.allDone()                                                                   //---added-MG--//
  if (window.DSW)
    DSW.pg_unload()
  }

window.onload = function()
  {
  this.print_manager = new print_class()                                                //---added-MG--//
  this.print_manager.init()                                                             //---added-MG--//
  this.pop_manager = new popup_class()                                                  //---added-MG--//
  countQ()
  if (window.DSW)
    DSW.pg_load( gv_max )
  initActy()
  if (xid('id_copyright_dliflc'))
    xid('id_copyright_dliflc').onclick = function()
      {
      show_copyright()
      }
  PopUp( xid('id_instruction').innerHTML,'Instructions' )
  }

// --------------------------------------- DLI Standard Javascript - end ---------------------------------------------


// -------------------------------- Activity Specific Javascript - start ---------------------------------------------

set_global_var( 'itemType', 'question' )
var Try = -1

function checkAnswer(n)
  {
  Try ++
  var theFB = ''
  var empty = 1
  var s = xid( 'id_fb' + n ).innerHTML
  var a = s.split('||')
  var r = document.getElementsByName ( 'q' + n )
  var ok = -1
  for(i=0; i<r.length; i++)
    {
    if(r[i].checked)
      {
      if(r[i].value == "")
        theFB += '<span style="color:#0000ff;" dir="' + a[i*2+1] + '">' + a[i*2] + '</span>'    //#ff0000
      if(r[i].value == "crrt")
        {
        ok ++
        theFB += '<span style="color:#0000ff;" dir="' + a[i*2+1] + '">' + a[i*2] + '</span>'
        }
      if (window.DSW)
        {
        var myScore =  ok >= 0 ? 100 : 0
        DSW.score_item( Try, myScore )
        DSW.set_score_exists ( myScore )
        }
      window.attempt[n] = true
      PopUp(theFB)
      empty = 0
      }
    }
  if(empty == 1)
    alert('Please choose your answer first.')
  }

function showHint(n)
  {
  var theHINT = xid('id_hint' + n).innerHTML
  PopUp(theHINT, 'Hint')
  }

// -------------------------------- Activity Specific Javascript - End -----------------------------------------------

function nextAddOn()
    {
    }

function backAddOn()
    {
    }

function initActy()
  {
  window.attempt = new Array(gv_max)

  with (new foundation_gif_btn_class('id_info') )
    do_click = function()
      {
      window.open('hua_soc308_info.html', 'information', 'directories=0, location=0, menubar=0, resizable=0, scrollbars=0, status=0, toolbar=0, dependent=0, width=500, height=385')
      }

  with (new foundation_gif_btn_class('id_resources') )
    do_click = function()
      {
      window.open('hua_soc308_resources.html', 'resources', 'directories=0, location=0, menubar=0, resizable=0, scrollbars=0, status=0, toolbar=0, dependent=0, width=600, height=385')
      }

  with (new foundation_gif_btn_class('id_glossary') )
    do_click = function()
      {
      window.open('hua_soc308_glossary.html', 'glossary', 'directories=0, location=0, menubar=0, resizable=1, scrollbars=0, status=0, toolbar=0, dependent=0, width=750, height=530')
      }

  with (new foundation_gif_btn_class('id_source') )
    do_click = function()
      {
      window.open('hua_soc308_source.html', 'source', 'directories=0, location=0, menubar=0, resizable=0, scrollbars=0, status=0, toolbar=0, dependent=0, width=750, height=530')
      }

  with (new foundation_gif_btn_class('id_tutorial') )
    do_click = function()
      {
      launchVideoOverlay( 'MC1' )
      }

  with (new foundation_gif_btn_class('id_feedback') )
    do_click = function()
      {
      
      }

  with (new foundation_gif_btn_class('id_instructionBtn') )
    do_click = function()
      {
      PopUp(document.getElementById('id_instruction').innerHTML, 'Instructions')
      }

  with (new foundation_gif_btn_class('id_bookmarkBtn') )
    do_click = function()
      {
      bookmark('Activity Bookmark for lesson - hua_soc308')
      }

  with (new foundation_gif_btn_class('id_refreshBtn') )
    do_click = function()
      {
      pageReload()
      }


  var Tbls = xid('id_itemBnk').getElementsByTagName( 'TABLE' )
  for (var i=0, j=0, len=Tbls.length; i<len; i++)
    {
    if (Tbls[i].className == 'cls_Q')
      {
      var hintBtn = 'id_hint_' + j
      var compBtn = 'id_ans_' + j
      if (xid(hintBtn))
        with (new foundation_gif_btn_class(hintBtn))
          do_click = new Function( spf("showHint(~)", [j] ) )
      if (xid(compBtn))
        with (new foundation_gif_btn_class(compBtn))
          do_click = new Function( spf("checkAnswer(~)", [j] ) )
      j++ 
      }
    }

  }

</script>
</head>
<body id="id_body">
<table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" style="height:100%">
  <tr>
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      <table width="765" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center">
        <tr>
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              <tr>
                <td width="567">
                  <table width="546" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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                      <td rowspan="3" width="96" height="43">
                        <img src="../../images/nf1.gif" width="96" height="43" title="" alt="" /></td>
                      <td width="450" height="12">
                        <img src="../../images/nf2.gif" width="450" height="12" title="" alt="" /></td>
                      <td rowspan="3" width="21" height="43">
                        <img src="../../images/nf4.gif" width="21" height="43" title="" alt="" /></td>
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                      <td width="450" height="25">
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                              <img id="id_glossary" src="../../images/glossary.gif" title="Glossary Page" alt="Glossary Page" width="75" height="25" border="0" class="btn" /></td>
                            <td width="75" height="25" class="top">
                              <img id="id_source" src="../../images/source.gif" title="Original Source Text/Audio" alt="Original Source Text/Audio" width="75" height="25" border="0" class="btn" /></td>
                            <td width="75" height="25" class="top">
                              <img id="id_info" src="../../images/info.gif" title="Information Page" alt="Information Page" width="75" height="25" border="0" class="btn" /></td>
                            <td width="75" height="25" class="top">
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                              <a href="../../questionnaire.html?name=hua_soc308&lang=Hausa" title="GLOSS Questionnaire" alt ="GLOSS Questionnaire" target="_blank">
                                <img id="id_feedback" src="../../images/feedback.gif" title="GLOSS Questionnaire" alt="GLOSS Questionnaire" width="75" height="25" border="0" class="btn" /></a></td>
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                        </table>
                      </td>
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                    <tr>
                      <td width="450" height="6"><img src="../../images/nf3.gif" width="450" height="6" title="" alt="" /></td>
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                <td rowspan="2" align="left">
                  <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
                    <tr>
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                      <td rowspan="2" width="138" height="89" align="left"><img src="../../images/hausa1.gif" width="138" height="89" title="" alt="" /></td>
                      <td rowspan="2" width="17" height="52" align="left"><img src="../../images/nf6.gif" width="17" height="89" title="" alt="" /></td>
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                      <td width="43" height="52" align="left" class="top"><img src="../../images/hausa3.gif" width="43" height="52" title="" alt="" /></td>
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                      <td rowspan="3" class="top"><img src="../../images/nf7.gif" width="7" height="46" title="" alt="" /></td>
                      <td width="510" height="18" class="top"><img src="../../images/nf8.gif" width="510" height="18" title="" alt="" /></td>
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<P><STRONG><IMG title="Sunday Dare" border=0 hspace=5 alt="Sunday Dare" vspace=5 src="Images/hua_soc308_AN1.gif" align=left _src="Images/hua_soc308_AN1.gif">Sunday Dare</STRONG></P>
<P>Sunday Dare shi ne shugaban Sashen Hausa. Kafin zuwansa nan Muryar Amurka a shekarar 2001, sanannen dan jarida ne a ciki da wajen Nijeriya. A shekarar 1998 Mr. Dare ya samu gurbin karo ilmin aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York. Ya kuma sake samun irin wannan gurbi zuwa Jami'ar Harvard dake Cambridge a Jihar Massachussetts a shekarar 2000.</P>
<P><STRONG>Jummai Ali Maiduguri</STRONG> 
<P>Jummai Ali Maiduguri edita ce. Kuma ita ce ke gabatar da shirin nan na "Lafiya Uwar Jiki.” Jummai ta fara aiki a Muryar Amurka tun shekarar 1984. Kafin nan kuwa, Jummai ta yi shekaru da dama tana aikin jarida a Kaduna.</P>
<P><STRONG>Aliyu Mustapha Sokoto</STRONG></P>
<P>Aliyu Mustapha Sokoto, shi ma edita ne. Kuma shi ne jagoran shirye-shiryen nan na "Amsoshin Tambayoyinku" da "Labarin Wasanni.” Aliyu ya yi aiki a NTA Sokoto kafin ya taho nan Muryar Amurka a shekarar 1989. Aliyu ya jagoranci kungiyar nan ta "Zumunta" ta 'yan arewacin Nijeriya da ke Amurka na tsawon shekaru da yawa daga kafa ta.</P><STRONG>Alhaji Kabiru Fagge</STRONG> 
<P></P>
<P>Alhaji Kabiru Fagge edita ne a Sashen Hausa, kuma shi ne ke jagorancin shirin "Ilmi Garkuwar Dan Adam" da "Sharhin Jaridun Amurka" a kowane mako. Alhaji Kabiru Fagge ya taho sashen Hausa na Muryar Amurka daga gidan telibijin na NTA Kano. Kafin nan kuwa ya yi aiki a kamfanin buga jaridun New Nigerian. </P>
<P><STRONG>Grace Abdu</STRONG></P>
<P>Grace Alheri Abdu ita ce ke gabatar da shirin “Domin Iyali.” Kafin ta kama aiki a Muryar Amurka mataimakiyar darekta ce a gidan rediyo da telibijin na jihar Plato (PRTVC).Tana da digiri a tauhidi da babban digiri a fannonin doka da diplomasiya, da kuma babban diploma a fannin aikin jarida.</P>
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                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">She works in Kaduna as the health corresponent.</div></td>
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      <div dir="ltr" style="">A karanta kowace tambaya, sai kuma a nemi amsa a cikin takaitacen tarihin mutanen nan biyar. A lura da cewa wannan aiki na da shafi biyar, kowanensu da tambaya guda.</div>
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      <div dir="ltr" style="">Read each question and then find the answer in one of the five biographies. Note that this activity has five pages, each with one question.</div>
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    1) Read the question and click next to the the best answer. If you need help, click the <strong>Hint</strong> button.<br />2) After selecting an answer, click the <strong>Check Answer</strong> button and review the feedback.<br />3) Click the <strong>Next</strong> arrow at the bottom of the page to advance to the next question. Continue until you have answered <u>ALL</u> of the questions.
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                        <td width="90%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Sunday Dare</div></td>
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                        <td width="10%"  valign="top">
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                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Jummai Ali Maiduguri</div></td>
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                          <input type="radio" name="q1" value=""></td>
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                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Sunday Dare</div></td>
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                        <td width="10%"  valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q1" value="crrt"></td>
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                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Alhaji Kabiru Fagge</div></td>
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                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Grace Abdu</div></td>
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                        <td width="10%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q2" value="crrt"></td>
                        <td width="90%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Jummai Ali started working at VOA.</div></td>
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                        <td width="10%"  valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q2" value=""></td>
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                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Jummai Ali started a radio progam.</div></td>
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                        <td width="10%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q2" value=""></td>
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                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Jummai Ali became the correspondent in Kaduna.</div></td>
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                  <div style="height:130px;width:100%;overflow:auto;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Which of the following does Jummai Ali Maiduguri do?</div>
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                        <img id="id_ans_3" src="../../images/btnCheckAnswerBig.gif" title="Check Answer(s)" alt="Check Answer(s)" width="89px" height="20px" class="btn" /></td>
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                        <td width="10%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q3" value=""></td>
                        <td width="90%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">She works in Kaduna as the health corresponent.</div></td>
                      </tr>
                      <tr height="30px">
                        <td width="10%"  valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q3" value=""></td>
                        <td width="90%"  valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">She has a program on health issues related to Kaduna.</div></td>
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                        <td width="10%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q3" value="crrt"></td>
                        <td width="90%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">She has a health issues program.</div></td>
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            <table id="id_Q4" width="95%" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="cls_Q" style="display:none">
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                  <div style="height:130px;width:100%;overflow:auto;padding:3px" dir="ltr">How many programs does Aliyu Mustapha Sokoto DJ?</div>
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                        <img id="id_ans_4" src="../../images/btnCheckAnswerBig.gif" title="Check Answer(s)" alt="Check Answer(s)" width="89px" height="20px" class="btn" /></td>
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                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">One</div></td>
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                        <td width="10%"  valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q4" value="crrt"></td>
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                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Two</div></td>
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                          <input type="radio" name="q4" value=""></td>
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                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Three</div></td>
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</div>
<div id="id_fb0" style="display:none"><P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Sunday Dare is the <EM>president</EM> (<STRONG>shugaba</STRONG>) of the Hausa Service.</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Jummai Ali Maiduguri is an <EM>editor</EM> (<STRONG>edita</STRONG>) at the Hausa Service.</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Correct.</STRONG></P>
<P>The first four bios very clearly state a job title in the first sentence:</P>
<P><STRONG>Sunday Dare shi ne shugaban Sashen Hausa.</STRONG> <EM><STRONG><FONT color=#999999 size=2>Sunday Dare is the president of the Hausa Service.</FONT></STRONG></EM></P>
<P><STRONG>Jummai Ali Maiduguri edita ce.</STRONG> <STRONG><FONT size=2><FONT color=#999999><EM>Jummai Ali Maiduguri is an editor</EM>.</FONT></FONT></STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>Aliyu Mustapha Sokoto, shi ma edita ne.</STRONG> <STRONG><EM><FONT color=#999999 size=2>Aliyu Mustapha Sokoto is an editor as well.</FONT></EM></STRONG></P>
<UL>
<LI><STRONG>ma</STRONG> -- <EM>too</EM></LI></UL>
<P><STRONG>Alhaji Kabiru Fagge edita ne ...</STRONG> <EM><STRONG><FONT color=#999999 size=2>Alhaji Kabiru Fagge is an editor ...</FONT></STRONG></EM></P>
<P>The biography for Grace Abdu, on the other hand starts out by talking about a program that she <EM>hosts</EM> (<STRONG>gabatar da</STRONG>). </P>
<P>Note that in the first bio <STRONG>shi ne</STRONG> is used to mean <EM>he is</EM> or <EM>is</EM>. This is commonly used in the same manner that the verb<EM> to be</EM> is used in English. Note that if the subject is feminine it will change from<STRONG> shi ne</STRONG> to <STRONG>ita ce</STRONG>.</P>
<P>Go to the next page of this activity. </P>||ltr||</div>
<div id="id_fb1" style="display:none"><P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Sunday Dare has been very involved in education but he does not host a program on <EM>education</EM> (<STRONG>ilimi</STRONG>). </P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Correct.</STRONG></P>
<P>This information is found in the following segment from the text:</P>
<P><STRONG>Alhaji Kabiru Fagge edita ne a Sashen Hausa, kuma shi ne ke jagorancin shirin "Ilimi Garkuwar Dan Adam"... <EM><FONT color=#999999 size=2>Alhaji Kabiru Fagge is an editor at the Hausa Service, and he hosts the program “Education is the Shield of Humanity” ...</FONT></EM></STRONG></P>
<P>You have already seen the first half of this sentence. The conjunction <STRONG>kuma</STRONG> is used to mean <EM>and</EM> or <EM>also</EM> here, introducing the second clause.</P>
<P>Note that <STRONG>shi ne ke</STRONG> is short for <STRONG>shi ne yake</STRONG>. The pronouns that end in <STRONG>-ke</STRONG> are able to be shortened to <STRONG>ke</STRONG> when it is already clear who the subject is. Note that when a verb phrase follows <STRONG>ne</STRONG> or <STRONG>ce</STRONG>, this generally requires the relative pronoun (the<STRONG> -ke</STRONG> form).</P>
<P>The verb <STRONG>jagorancin</STRONG> (<EM>to lead, to host</EM>) takes the terminal <STRONG>-n</STRONG> because it is in the present (continuous) tense and followed by an object. </P>
<P>Go to the next page of this activity. </P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Grace Abdu has pursued plenty of higher education, but she does not host a program on <EM>education</EM> (<STRONG>ilimi</STRONG>).</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||</div>
<div id="id_fb2" style="display:none"><P><STRONG>Correct.</STRONG></P>
<P>This information is found in the following segment from the text:</P>
<P><STRONG>Jummai ta fara aiki a Muryar Amurka tun shekarar 1984</STRONG> <EM><STRONG><FONT color=#999999 size=2>Jummai started working at Voice of America in 1984.</FONT></STRONG></EM></P>
<P>The term <STRONG>fara aiki</STRONG> means to <EM>start working</EM>. It is synonymous with <STRONG>kama aiki</STRONG>, which means to <EM>start a job</EM> or <EM>position</EM>.</P>
<P>The word <STRONG>tun</STRONG> means <EM>since</EM>, and thus this sentence literally means that she started working there <EM>since</EM> 1984. In Hausa, however, this is not awkward as it would be in English.</P>
<P>Note that in Hausa people tend to use the word <STRONG>shekara</STRONG> more than "year" is used in English. For instance, the English translation for the above sentence says <EM>in 1984</EM> rather than saying <EM>in the year of 1984</EM>. There are cases in which the word <STRONG>shekara</STRONG> will be omitted, but much less often than in English.</P>
<P>Go to the next page of this activity. </P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Jummai Ali does host a radio program, but the reference to 1984 does not relate to this.</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Although Jummai Ali does have a strong connection to Kaduna, this is not what is referred to as happening in 1984.</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||</div>
<div id="id_fb3" style="display:none"><P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Although she has spent plenty of time in Kaduna, she is not working in Kaduna.</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Her program is not specifically about Kaduna.</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Correct.</STRONG></P>
<P>This information is found in the following segment from the text:</P>
<P><STRONG>Kuma ita ce ke gabatar da shirin nan na "Lafiya Uwar Jiki." <EM><FONT color=#999999><FONT size=2>She also hosts the program “Health is Wealth."</FONT></FONT></EM></STRONG></P>
<P>Even if you do not understand the name of the program "<STRONG>Lafiya Uwar Jiki</STRONG>," you can tell that it is about <EM>health</EM> (<STRONG>lafiya</STRONG>).</P>
<P>Note that <STRONG>ita ce ke gabatar da</STRONG> literally means<EM> it is she that hosts</EM>. This is a pattern that we have already seen elsewhere in this lesson.</P>
<P>Note that<STRONG> shirin nan na</STRONG> conveys the same thing as <STRONG>shirin</STRONG>. The difference is subtle and does not affect the essential meaning.</P>
<P>Radio programs and other media pieces are often given names based on proverbs and aphorisms. In this case, the title <STRONG>Lafiya Uwar Jiki</STRONG> is based on the proverb<STRONG> Lafiya uwar jiki, babu mai fushi da ke</STRONG> (<EM>Health, you are the mother of the body, nobody would get angry with you</EM>). This is a proverbial way of saying that health is something that everyone can agree upon and nobody can have a problem with. This proverb draws upon the traditional respect for mothers in Hausa culture.</P>
<P>Go to the next page of this activity. </P>||ltr||</div>
<div id="id_fb4" style="display:none"><P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Note that he is referred to as <EM>hosting</EM> (<STRONG>jagoran</STRONG>) <EM>programs</EM> (<STRONG>shirye-shirye</STRONG>). The word <STRONG>shirye-shirye</STRONG> is plural.</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Correct.</STRONG></P>
<P>This information is found in the following segment from the text:</P>
<P><STRONG>Kuma shi ne jagoran shirye-shiryen nan na "Amsoshin Tambayoyinku" da "Labarin Wasanni.”</STRONG> <EM><STRONG><FONT color=#999999 size=2>He also hosts the programs “Answers to Your Questions” and “The Sports Report.”</FONT></STRONG></EM></P>
<P>The third name that is mentioned in this bio is <STRONG>Zumunta</STRONG>, but this is an organization that he directs, not a program.</P>
<P><STRONG>Aliyu ya jagoranci ƙungiyar nan ta "Zumunta"...</STRONG> <EM><STRONG><FONT color=#999999 size=2>Aliyu directed the organization ... called "Zumunta"...</FONT></STRONG></EM></P>
<UL>
<LI><STRONG>zumunta</STRONG> -- <EM>friendship</EM>.</LI></UL>
<P>Remember that <STRONG>jagoranci</STRONG> can mean to <EM>host</EM>, but can also mean to <EM>direct</EM> or to <EM>lead</EM>.</P>
<P>The name <STRONG>Amshoshin Tambayoyinku</STRONG> simply means <EM>Answers to your Questions</EM>. Note that <STRONG>amsoshi</STRONG> is the plural of <STRONG>amsa</STRONG> (<EM>answer</EM>), and <STRONG>tambayoyi</STRONG> is the plural of <STRONG>tambaya</STRONG> (<EM>question</EM>).</P>
<P><STRONG>Labarin Wasanni</STRONG> means <EM>Sports Report</EM>. <STRONG>Labarin</STRONG> means <EM>news of</EM>, and <STRONG>wasanni</STRONG> is the plural of <STRONG>wasa</STRONG> (<EM>game, sport</EM>).</P>
<P>Go to the next page of this activity. </P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Although there are three items in quotation marks in this bio, not all of them are names of radio programs.</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||</div>


<div id="id_hint" style="display:none;">
<div id="id_itemBnk">
            <table id="id_Q0" width="95%" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="cls_Q" style="display:none">
              <tr>
                <td valign="top" width="100%">
                  <div style="height:130px;width:100%;overflow:auto;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Which of the following people does not have a job title listed in their biography?</div>
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                  <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6px" width="100%" border="0">
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                      <td align="right">
                        <img id="id_hint_0" src="../../images/btnHint.gif" title="Show Hint" alt="Show Hint" class="btn" /></td>
                      <td align="left">
                        <img id="id_ans_0" src="../../images/btnCheckAnswerBig.gif" title="Check Answer(s)" alt="Check Answer(s)" width="89px" height="20px" class="btn" /></td>
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                </td>
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                <td>
                  <form name="myForm0">
                    <table cellspacing="0" width="100%">
                                          <tr height="30px">
                        <td width="10%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q0" value=""></td>
                        <td width="90%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Sunday Dare</div></td>
                      </tr>
                      <tr height="30px">
                        <td width="10%"  valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q0" value=""></td>
                        <td width="90%"  valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Jummai Ali Maiduguri</div></td>
                      </tr>
                      <tr height="30px">
                        <td width="10%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q0" value="crrt"></td>
                        <td width="90%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Grace Abdu</div></td>
                      </tr>
  
                    </table>
                  </form>
                </tr>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </table>

            <table id="id_Q1" width="95%" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="cls_Q" style="display:none">
              <tr>
                <td valign="top" width="100%">
                  <div style="height:130px;width:100%;overflow:auto;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Which of the following hosts a program about educational issues?</div>
                  <hr size="1" width="50%">
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td width="100%" align="center">
                  <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6px" width="100%" border="0">
                    <tr>
                      <td align="right">
                        <img id="id_hint_1" src="../../images/btnHint.gif" title="Show Hint" alt="Show Hint" class="btn" /></td>
                      <td align="left">
                        <img id="id_ans_1" src="../../images/btnCheckAnswerBig.gif" title="Check Answer(s)" alt="Check Answer(s)" width="89px" height="20px" class="btn" /></td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <form name="myForm1">
                    <table cellspacing="0" width="100%">
                                          <tr height="30px">
                        <td width="10%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q1" value=""></td>
                        <td width="90%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Sunday Dare</div></td>
                      </tr>
                      <tr height="30px">
                        <td width="10%"  valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q1" value="crrt"></td>
                        <td width="90%"  valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Alhaji Kabiru Fagge</div></td>
                      </tr>
                      <tr height="30px">
                        <td width="10%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q1" value=""></td>
                        <td width="90%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Grace Abdu</div></td>
                      </tr>
  
                    </table>
                  </form>
                </tr>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </table>

            <table id="id_Q2" width="95%" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="cls_Q" style="display:none">
              <tr>
                <td valign="top" width="100%">
                  <div style="height:130px;width:100%;overflow:auto;padding:3px" dir="ltr">What happened in 1984?</div>
                  <hr size="1" width="50%">
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td width="100%" align="center">
                  <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6px" width="100%" border="0">
                    <tr>
                      <td align="right">
                        <img id="id_hint_2" src="../../images/btnHint.gif" title="Show Hint" alt="Show Hint" class="btn" /></td>
                      <td align="left">
                        <img id="id_ans_2" src="../../images/btnCheckAnswerBig.gif" title="Check Answer(s)" alt="Check Answer(s)" width="89px" height="20px" class="btn" /></td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <form name="myForm2">
                    <table cellspacing="0" width="100%">
                                          <tr height="30px">
                        <td width="10%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q2" value="crrt"></td>
                        <td width="90%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Jummai Ali started working at VOA.</div></td>
                      </tr>
                      <tr height="30px">
                        <td width="10%"  valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q2" value=""></td>
                        <td width="90%"  valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Jummai Ali started a radio progam.</div></td>
                      </tr>
                      <tr height="30px">
                        <td width="10%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q2" value=""></td>
                        <td width="90%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Jummai Ali became the correspondent in Kaduna.</div></td>
                      </tr>
  
                    </table>
                  </form>
                </tr>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </table>

            <table id="id_Q3" width="95%" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="cls_Q" style="display:none">
              <tr>
                <td valign="top" width="100%">
                  <div style="height:130px;width:100%;overflow:auto;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Which of the following does Jummai Ali Maiduguri do?</div>
                  <hr size="1" width="50%">
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td width="100%" align="center">
                  <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6px" width="100%" border="0">
                    <tr>
                      <td align="right">
                        <img id="id_hint_3" src="../../images/btnHint.gif" title="Show Hint" alt="Show Hint" class="btn" /></td>
                      <td align="left">
                        <img id="id_ans_3" src="../../images/btnCheckAnswerBig.gif" title="Check Answer(s)" alt="Check Answer(s)" width="89px" height="20px" class="btn" /></td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <form name="myForm3">
                    <table cellspacing="0" width="100%">
                                          <tr height="30px">
                        <td width="10%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q3" value=""></td>
                        <td width="90%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">She works in Kaduna as the health corresponent.</div></td>
                      </tr>
                      <tr height="30px">
                        <td width="10%"  valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q3" value=""></td>
                        <td width="90%"  valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">She has a program on health issues related to Kaduna.</div></td>
                      </tr>
                      <tr height="30px">
                        <td width="10%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q3" value="crrt"></td>
                        <td width="90%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">She has a health issues program.</div></td>
                      </tr>
  
                    </table>
                  </form>
                </tr>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </table>

            <table id="id_Q4" width="95%" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="cls_Q" style="display:none">
              <tr>
                <td valign="top" width="100%">
                  <div style="height:130px;width:100%;overflow:auto;padding:3px" dir="ltr">How many programs does Aliyu Mustapha Sokoto DJ?</div>
                  <hr size="1" width="50%">
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td width="100%" align="center">
                  <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6px" width="100%" border="0">
                    <tr>
                      <td align="right">
                        <img id="id_hint_4" src="../../images/btnHint.gif" title="Show Hint" alt="Show Hint" class="btn" /></td>
                      <td align="left">
                        <img id="id_ans_4" src="../../images/btnCheckAnswerBig.gif" title="Check Answer(s)" alt="Check Answer(s)" width="89px" height="20px" class="btn" /></td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <form name="myForm4">
                    <table cellspacing="0" width="100%">
                                          <tr height="30px">
                        <td width="10%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q4" value=""></td>
                        <td width="90%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">One</div></td>
                      </tr>
                      <tr height="30px">
                        <td width="10%"  valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q4" value="crrt"></td>
                        <td width="90%"  valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Two</div></td>
                      </tr>
                      <tr height="30px">
                        <td width="10%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <input type="radio" name="q4" value=""></td>
                        <td width="90%" class="txt_bg" valign="top">
                          <div style="height:60px;width:100%;overflow:visible;padding:3px" dir="ltr">Three</div></td>
                      </tr>
  
                    </table>
                  </form>
                </tr>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </table>

</div>
<div id="id_fb0" style="display:none"><P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Sunday Dare is the <EM>president</EM> (<STRONG>shugaba</STRONG>) of the Hausa Service.</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Jummai Ali Maiduguri is an <EM>editor</EM> (<STRONG>edita</STRONG>) at the Hausa Service.</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Correct.</STRONG></P>
<P>The first four bios very clearly state a job title in the first sentence:</P>
<P><STRONG>Sunday Dare shi ne shugaban Sashen Hausa.</STRONG> <EM><STRONG><FONT color=#999999 size=2>Sunday Dare is the president of the Hausa Service.</FONT></STRONG></EM></P>
<P><STRONG>Jummai Ali Maiduguri edita ce.</STRONG> <STRONG><FONT size=2><FONT color=#999999><EM>Jummai Ali Maiduguri is an editor</EM>.</FONT></FONT></STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>Aliyu Mustapha Sokoto, shi ma edita ne.</STRONG> <STRONG><EM><FONT color=#999999 size=2>Aliyu Mustapha Sokoto is an editor as well.</FONT></EM></STRONG></P>
<UL>
<LI><STRONG>ma</STRONG> -- <EM>too</EM></LI></UL>
<P><STRONG>Alhaji Kabiru Fagge edita ne ...</STRONG> <EM><STRONG><FONT color=#999999 size=2>Alhaji Kabiru Fagge is an editor ...</FONT></STRONG></EM></P>
<P>The biography for Grace Abdu, on the other hand starts out by talking about a program that she <EM>hosts</EM> (<STRONG>gabatar da</STRONG>). </P>
<P>Note that in the first bio <STRONG>shi ne</STRONG> is used to mean <EM>he is</EM> or <EM>is</EM>. This is commonly used in the same manner that the verb<EM> to be</EM> is used in English. Note that if the subject is feminine it will change from<STRONG> shi ne</STRONG> to <STRONG>ita ce</STRONG>.</P>
<P>Go to the next page of this activity. </P>||ltr||</div>
<div id="id_fb1" style="display:none"><P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Sunday Dare has been very involved in education but he does not host a program on <EM>education</EM> (<STRONG>ilimi</STRONG>). </P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Correct.</STRONG></P>
<P>This information is found in the following segment from the text:</P>
<P><STRONG>Alhaji Kabiru Fagge edita ne a Sashen Hausa, kuma shi ne ke jagorancin shirin "Ilimi Garkuwar Dan Adam"... <EM><FONT color=#999999 size=2>Alhaji Kabiru Fagge is an editor at the Hausa Service, and he hosts the program “Education is the Shield of Humanity” ...</FONT></EM></STRONG></P>
<P>You have already seen the first half of this sentence. The conjunction <STRONG>kuma</STRONG> is used to mean <EM>and</EM> or <EM>also</EM> here, introducing the second clause.</P>
<P>Note that <STRONG>shi ne ke</STRONG> is short for <STRONG>shi ne yake</STRONG>. The pronouns that end in <STRONG>-ke</STRONG> are able to be shortened to <STRONG>ke</STRONG> when it is already clear who the subject is. Note that when a verb phrase follows <STRONG>ne</STRONG> or <STRONG>ce</STRONG>, this generally requires the relative pronoun (the<STRONG> -ke</STRONG> form).</P>
<P>The verb <STRONG>jagorancin</STRONG> (<EM>to lead, to host</EM>) takes the terminal <STRONG>-n</STRONG> because it is in the present (continuous) tense and followed by an object. </P>
<P>Go to the next page of this activity. </P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Grace Abdu has pursued plenty of higher education, but she does not host a program on <EM>education</EM> (<STRONG>ilimi</STRONG>).</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||</div>
<div id="id_fb2" style="display:none"><P><STRONG>Correct.</STRONG></P>
<P>This information is found in the following segment from the text:</P>
<P><STRONG>Jummai ta fara aiki a Muryar Amurka tun shekarar 1984</STRONG> <EM><STRONG><FONT color=#999999 size=2>Jummai started working at Voice of America in 1984.</FONT></STRONG></EM></P>
<P>The term <STRONG>fara aiki</STRONG> means to <EM>start working</EM>. It is synonymous with <STRONG>kama aiki</STRONG>, which means to <EM>start a job</EM> or <EM>position</EM>.</P>
<P>The word <STRONG>tun</STRONG> means <EM>since</EM>, and thus this sentence literally means that she started working there <EM>since</EM> 1984. In Hausa, however, this is not awkward as it would be in English.</P>
<P>Note that in Hausa people tend to use the word <STRONG>shekara</STRONG> more than "year" is used in English. For instance, the English translation for the above sentence says <EM>in 1984</EM> rather than saying <EM>in the year of 1984</EM>. There are cases in which the word <STRONG>shekara</STRONG> will be omitted, but much less often than in English.</P>
<P>Go to the next page of this activity. </P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Jummai Ali does host a radio program, but the reference to 1984 does not relate to this.</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Although Jummai Ali does have a strong connection to Kaduna, this is not what is referred to as happening in 1984.</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||</div>
<div id="id_fb3" style="display:none"><P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Although she has spent plenty of time in Kaduna, she is not working in Kaduna.</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Her program is not specifically about Kaduna.</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Correct.</STRONG></P>
<P>This information is found in the following segment from the text:</P>
<P><STRONG>Kuma ita ce ke gabatar da shirin nan na "Lafiya Uwar Jiki." <EM><FONT color=#999999><FONT size=2>She also hosts the program “Health is Wealth."</FONT></FONT></EM></STRONG></P>
<P>Even if you do not understand the name of the program "<STRONG>Lafiya Uwar Jiki</STRONG>," you can tell that it is about <EM>health</EM> (<STRONG>lafiya</STRONG>).</P>
<P>Note that <STRONG>ita ce ke gabatar da</STRONG> literally means<EM> it is she that hosts</EM>. This is a pattern that we have already seen elsewhere in this lesson.</P>
<P>Note that<STRONG> shirin nan na</STRONG> conveys the same thing as <STRONG>shirin</STRONG>. The difference is subtle and does not affect the essential meaning.</P>
<P>Radio programs and other media pieces are often given names based on proverbs and aphorisms. In this case, the title <STRONG>Lafiya Uwar Jiki</STRONG> is based on the proverb<STRONG> Lafiya uwar jiki, babu mai fushi da ke</STRONG> (<EM>Health, you are the mother of the body, nobody would get angry with you</EM>). This is a proverbial way of saying that health is something that everyone can agree upon and nobody can have a problem with. This proverb draws upon the traditional respect for mothers in Hausa culture.</P>
<P>Go to the next page of this activity. </P>||ltr||</div>
<div id="id_fb4" style="display:none"><P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Note that he is referred to as <EM>hosting</EM> (<STRONG>jagoran</STRONG>) <EM>programs</EM> (<STRONG>shirye-shirye</STRONG>). The word <STRONG>shirye-shirye</STRONG> is plural.</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Correct.</STRONG></P>
<P>This information is found in the following segment from the text:</P>
<P><STRONG>Kuma shi ne jagoran shirye-shiryen nan na "Amsoshin Tambayoyinku" da "Labarin Wasanni.”</STRONG> <EM><STRONG><FONT color=#999999 size=2>He also hosts the programs “Answers to Your Questions” and “The Sports Report.”</FONT></STRONG></EM></P>
<P>The third name that is mentioned in this bio is <STRONG>Zumunta</STRONG>, but this is an organization that he directs, not a program.</P>
<P><STRONG>Aliyu ya jagoranci ƙungiyar nan ta "Zumunta"...</STRONG> <EM><STRONG><FONT color=#999999 size=2>Aliyu directed the organization ... called "Zumunta"...</FONT></STRONG></EM></P>
<UL>
<LI><STRONG>zumunta</STRONG> -- <EM>friendship</EM>.</LI></UL>
<P>Remember that <STRONG>jagoranci</STRONG> can mean to <EM>host</EM>, but can also mean to <EM>direct</EM> or to <EM>lead</EM>.</P>
<P>The name <STRONG>Amshoshin Tambayoyinku</STRONG> simply means <EM>Answers to your Questions</EM>. Note that <STRONG>amsoshi</STRONG> is the plural of <STRONG>amsa</STRONG> (<EM>answer</EM>), and <STRONG>tambayoyi</STRONG> is the plural of <STRONG>tambaya</STRONG> (<EM>question</EM>).</P>
<P><STRONG>Labarin Wasanni</STRONG> means <EM>Sports Report</EM>. <STRONG>Labarin</STRONG> means <EM>news of</EM>, and <STRONG>wasanni</STRONG> is the plural of <STRONG>wasa</STRONG> (<EM>game, sport</EM>).</P>
<P>Go to the next page of this activity. </P>||ltr||<P><STRONG>Incorrect.</STRONG></P>
<P>Although there are three items in quotation marks in this bio, not all of them are names of radio programs.</P>
<P>Try again.</P>||ltr||</div>
  <div id="id_hint0"><div style="color:#003300;" dir="ltr"><P>Look at the first sentence of each biography.</P>
<P>Remember that <STRONG>ne</STRONG> and <STRONG>ce</STRONG> are used in Hausa to mean <EM><STRONG>is</STRONG></EM>. </P></div></div>
  <div id="id_hint1"><div style="color:#003300;" dir="ltr"><P>Remember the terms <STRONG>gudanar da</STRONG> (<EM>to conduct</EM>), <STRONG>jagoranci</STRONG> (<EM>to lead</EM>), and <STRONG>jagora</STRONG> (<EM>leader</EM>). All of these refer to running, or hosting, a program. Note that program names are placed in quotation marks.</P></div></div>
  <div id="id_hint2"><div style="color:#003300;" dir="ltr">See the bio of Jummai Ali Maiduguri.</div></div>
  <div id="id_hint3"><div style="color:#003300;" dir="ltr"><P>Kaduna is a city in Northern Nigeria. </P>
<UL>
<LI><STRONG>lafiya</STRONG> -- health</LI></UL></div></div>
  <div id="id_hint4"><div style="color:#003300;" dir="ltr">The word <STRONG>ƙungiya</STRONG> means <EM>organization</EM>.</div></div>

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